Farmsitter

When you go out to dinner and don’t want to take the kids, you get a babysitter. When you have to leave the farm for a week right in the middle of peak season, you need a Farmsitter. We just got back from two weddings in the midwest, so that is just what we did.

Going away right now is stressful- Emily had nightmare visions of returning to large patches of dead and brown. To better our chances of success, we did a lot of prep work before we left: moving the mini-greenhouse out to the property, buying extra sprinklers and hose to connect to a valve system to simplify watering, putting row covers on all the frost-sensitive crops. All this work, combined with picking the right Farmsitter, paid off. Our garden looks great! Everything has doubled in size, and all we have to do is catch back up with the weeding.

Not everything went perfectly, though. A day or two before we got back, a rodent of unusual size (ROUS?) burrowed into the mini-greenhouse, and selectively mowed down some of our seedlings, leaving little to no survivors. All looks OK in the picture at first glance, until you notice that the yellow crookneck squash, Marketmore cucumbers, and Butternut squash are entirely gone. All. We are extremely sad about it; at this point in the season, it’s too late to redo the slow-growing Butternuts, making this season the second “fail” in a row for them. At least the popcorn was untouched (popcorn has failed for us every season so far, for a different reason every time. It’s kindof like Kenny from South Park). The cucumbers will get reseeded, but we will have none to sell for the first month of market at least. Pretty much the same story for the crooknecks, too, and one of our restaurant clients was especially interested in buying those. Ugh.

That aside, things are proceeding apace. Our certified-for-trade scale is on order, as is the paperwork from the state to operate it. Other knicknacks for the market are coming together as well, such as the canopy to cover our stall and nifty Peace Crops stickers to cover our belongings, bumpers, and friends. And the produce is keeping pace: the strawberries are starting to form, so I need to go out and get some bird netting to cover them.

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The Spring Fling

Hello!
Welcome to the long overdue installment of “what is happening at the Peace Crops farm.” I’d always heard that spring planting time was supposed to be busy in the farming world, but now I know it to be true- I’d say it’s even worse than harvest time. But last week, a friend of mine poked me for not posting in a while, and it stirred me into action. We’ll probably jump around a bit, so here goes…

We started out a few months ago clearing another 20 beds for vegetables. The good news: you can do it in the rainy season, when it’s still too cold to plant anything. The bad news: you have to do it in the rainy season, when it’s still too cold to plant anything! Days of cold, wet, muddy toil passed as we cleared invasive wild blackberry, hauled off downed timber, cut sod, and double-dug earth. Here is Emily standing next to one of the debris piles we made.

While all that was going on, in the evenings we were planting flats of seedlings. They sit in our living room for the first few days to get them warm enough to germinate (next year: heat mats!) and then they move out to the mini-greenhouse for a few weeks, waiting for the “last frost” date of May 1 to pass, when it’s supposedly safe to set them out. Some of the particularly fragile plants, like tomatoes, spend extra time in the greenhouse.

This year, we borrowed some greenhouse space from our friends Anthony and Victoria; our plans to build our own greenhouse were set back this year. Their greenhouse is pretty small, though, so we are only growing cherry tomatoes- they can be set outside earlier in the season, and ripen quickly enough that they will beat the first frost of fall. Our original plan for this year was to build our own greenhouse, big enough for several varieties of tomatoes and peppers to be in there the whole season, but it didn’t work out financially. We fretted over it for week, then realized that if we didn’t have tomatoes and peppers at the market, several of our neighbors would, and no one would really notice. Next year… Here you can see our lovely tomatoes right after they were transplanted to larger pots. We actually sprouted far more than we need, expecting some loss, but they are doing really well. I think I am going to sell the ones we don’t plant as starts at the first market of the season. Hmm, maybe I should plant a loot of extra ones next spring? We’ll see how they sell.

With May 1 past, it was time to take the seedlings out to the fields. Here we see some happy little plants going for a ride in my pickup. I haven’t found a way to seat belt them in yet, but I would if I could! They are precious and fragile. Once we have them to their new home, they get planted with care in one of the raised beds. We have enough beds now that we can allot separate (or multiple) beds to each type. We’re growing a lot of stuff this year, but the main items are broccoli, potatoes (four varieties), romanesco, cabbage, beets (three varieties), corn (four varieties), greens, onions, garlic, herbs, cucumbers, squash (four varieties), beans (five varieties), peas, carrots, pumpkins (two varieties)… hmm, what else? I’ve certainly forgotten something.

Being past Last Frost isn’t actually a guarantor of success, however. A few really cold, drizzly days early on wiped out a few of our plants (Crooknecks squash, Marketmore cucumbers, and some of the pumpkins) so we reseeded them and added row tunnels to protect the rest until the heat comes back for real. Turns out, even cold-loving plants like broccoli can benefit from a tunnel; here we see the little broccolis growing happily under their cozy cover. Another bed of broccoli a few feet away had no tunnel, and they are growing about half as quickly as these. So much to learn.

The orchard has awakened as well. Even thought we’re just in our second year, several of the trees decided to bloom this time around: Gravenstein and Chehalis apples, Moonglow pears, several plums, and the cherries. I’m not expecting much fruit this year, but even getting just a few starters for personal enjoyment would be fantastic. As part of the care of the orchard, we spray four times a season with an organic fertilizer/ protectant I read about in an orchard management text. I mix it up from liquid fish, neem oil, and a little bit of castille soap. It has a sort of funky smell, but is supposed to really make a difference. I guess we’ll find out. A few days ago, I was in the orchard and noticed that three of my trees had suddenly turned black and died. NOT A GOOD SIGN. I can’t figure out the cause, as too many variables were changing at once… in the previous week, I’d both sprayed and weed-wacked the orchard, and we’d had a really damp week of solid rain and cold. Could it be physical damage? Shock? Fungus? Ugh, the trials of being an orchardist.

We’re also expanding our apiary. This year, I ordered package bees in stead of nuc hives- the difference is that with a “package” you don’t get any comb or brood. Here are my 90,000 bees sitting on the tailgate of Bob’s truck, with another beekeeper friend of mine in the background describing what his bees were doing last week. Packages are a little trickier to manage at first, but you have several advantages: less disease possibility, they build faster, and you get new, clean comb out of it. I ordered two types of bees, Carniolan and Italian, so it will be interesting to see if there is a difference in how they perform. It’s also swarm season right now, and I went out yesterday to leave a “bait hive” under a swarm 15 feet up in a tree at a neighbor’s farm. Hopefully, they’ll move into it and I’ll get yet more bees.

The Farmer’s Market season is set to start June 15th, so we’re really pushing to have produce ready by then. Once we get everything in the ground, it’s time to start thinking about the business end- how we’re going to handle the produce, what we need to set up the stand, what sort of incidentals to get. I’m thinking of ordering some stickers of our logo, in part for general marketing, but also to use to identify our equipment. Our friends in a band do that, and it works pretty well for them. And we want to be the rock stars of farming, so why not? Here’s a picture of the kickoff meeting for the Manzanita Farmers’ Market vendors, where we talked about hours, policies, setup, and all that sort of stuff. Market vendors are a fun group, and there’s a sort of community to it, much like I imagine it would be like to be in the circus. And with it being as busy as it has been this last month, I think a circus is a pretty good analogy.

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Bee sad

We got a sunny day today, for the first time in a while. It gave me a chance to go out and check up on my bees, when the cold wouldn’t be too harmful to them if I poked around. Hive A, the one that nearly died from varroa last fall, was going great- some bees were bopping around, coming and going, burning off a little of that cabin fever. There were even a few drones to be seen, which is pretty ambitious this early in the year.

The next two hives were not as happy, though. No activity. Sometimes the bees don’t want to venture out until they’re SURE the winter is over, but this didn’t look good. What you do in this situation is give a sharp rap on the side of the hive, then put your ear against the wood. If anyone’s home, they say something like “grumble grumble grumble” then go back to being quiet. No one said that in hives B and C.

So, cold or not, I opened them up. Both are dead. 🙁  The next step was to disassemble them, performing the cleaning/autopsy that is the standard procedure in this situation. Hive B, the one that I had to requeen last fall, seemed to be the classic case of winter starvation: their honey supply ran out, as evidenced by sad little bee corpses with their tongues lolling out, and others with their butts poking out of cells where they were trying to scrape the last of the honey out when they expired. I learned a lesson here: I kept a feeder of sugar syrup on them all winter, but sometimes bees don’t want to “break cluster” and travel six inches away to get it. Some beekepers make a special bee-candy and stick it right into the hive, so I’m going to try that next year.

The greatest mystery is Hive C, the feral colony I pulled out of a toolshed last summer. They were building up like crazy all summer, and looked strong until recently. The autopsy revealed bees with their butts sticking out of the comb, a standard sign of starvation… but they had nearly a full super of honey in their combs. What does it mean? I talked to Terry, and he says that this sometimes just happens. Beekeeping is mysterious.

So, after I cleaned out all of the dead equipment, I put it away to be reused in a month when the new bees arrive. I added the extra honey from the feral colony to the top of Colony A, my survivors, as an extra insurance policy. I am sure they will enjoy it.

Am I sad? Yes. But that’s how farming goes. Recent apiary statistics show that the average beekeeper has been experiencing a ±30% winter loss for the last few years, due to a combination of varroa, other pests, chemicals, CCD, and some unknown factors. By that standard, I did one hive worse than the national average- not terribly reassuring. But thus is farming.

-ps: I’m leaving tomorrow morning for a week in Panama, to teach a weeklong beekeeping course at an orphanage. Wish me luck.

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Clearing brush

Things are slowly getting back into gear at the farm. Our big task for the time being is clearing out another 3,000 square feet of garden space to get ready for the coming season. I spent some time hacking back the blackberries, only to discover a lot of big brush from a previous logging event a few years ago. Today we drug a lot of that downed brush away from the garden, and we’ll probably burn it later in the spring. Whew, what a pile!

The other thing we just realized is that we need to get our fence back up. We took it down late in the season last year, since there was nothing really to protect and we knew we’d be expanding this spring (and have to redo it). When we were out yesterday, though, we noticed the footprints of a very large deer (or elk?) that had meandered through our planting beds and munched up the remainder of our beets. That’s OK; they were long past and the ones that were left were pretty ratty. But right next to those beets are our beloved garlics, which are now coming up quite nicely. We certainly don’t want anything to happen to them! So next week I begin the process of putting up the new and improved fence. Last years’ fence was provisional, made from the leftovers of the orchard fence, and reinforced with the electrical wire Dad got us. This year we are going to do it right, with braced corner posts, intermediate posts, top and bottom tension wires, and proper gates. Deer (and dogs) beware!

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2012 Ecofarming Conference

You may remember that back in December, Emily got a scholarship to go to a fancy farm conference in New York.  While she was there, she heard of another big one on the left coast, and called me to hurry-up-quick and send in a scholarship application, as they were due that evening. Guess what? I got in!

That’s how I found myself in sunny Northern California last week at the 32nd annual EcoFarm Conference. Between the two of us, we’ve now hit the two big events in hippie farming, and learned a lot in the process. Besides hearing some pretty motivating things said by people who have successfully run CSA-style farms for decades, I was able to attend several technical seminars as well. I feel like I am a bit behind the power curve on the orchard, so I leaned a bit more in that direction, taking a seminar in cover cropping for orchards. The material fit well with the reading I’ve been doing lately on holistic orchard management. Next was a fascinating seminar on integrated pest management, which served to reinforce what we’ve already been seeing: healthy plants living in a diverse ecosystem are naturally more resistant to insects and disease. By spending more time on soil tilth, proper plant nutrition, and good horticultural practices, you can prettymuch eliminate spraying. The final session of the day was my favorite: small scale grain farming. I have been interested in this for some time, but generally keep it a secret, like some sort of farmer perversion. It’s hard to make any money at it (my initial estimates are $.02/sf, compared to the $.70 I get for most vegetables, and upwards of $3.00/sf for winners like pumpkins and broccoli), but what fun it would be to have a few thousand feet of amber waves of grain! So I am going to give it an experimental shot this year, even if I just do it for our own table.

Farmers at an EcoFarming conference aren’t what you might imagine- I was discussing iPads with my friend Brian the day before, and he assumed that farmers didn’t use them. Not so! Nearly all my ecogroovy farmer friends use Mac computers, and many have iPads as well. I snapped this picture for him as evidence.

Now that I’m back from the EcoFarming conference, it’s go time as Ginger says. The farming starts now, with flats and cultivating and pruning. This morning I finished clearing off the space for Phase II blueberry planting, as you can see in this great panorama of our ever-expanding plot.

I also went over to the orchard, to dig another hole. I’m going to add one more tree to the 40 we already have. It seems I made a mistake in my original plan (What? Just one mistake? Miraculous!) and bought two cherries, both Black Tartarians. I just found out, though, that they aren’t self-pollenating, and you have to have two different varieties together if you want to get any fruit. Huh. So, I’m going to add a Ranier cherry next week.

On my way out of the orchard, I made a pleasant discovery. A few months back, I checked my hives and it seemed that two of them were devoid of any life. Today, however, all three were surrounded by scout bees checking out the area during a sunny break in the weather. Yay! I guess some colonies just have really small winter clusters, as Terry suggested.

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Seed selection

The rains of winter are still coming down. Luckly, this is the time of year where there isn’t a lot of outdoor work on the farm. Slogging in the rain can wait another month or two! There are a few tasks to attend to, however. We’ve set February 1 as our deadline to select and order our seeds. We won’t really need them until March, but we found out last year that if you put it off until the last minute, you sometimes run up against shortages of some of the more popular varieties.

It’s funny; I always thought of seeds as something you pop out to the store and buy a packet of for a few dollars. At this scale it’s a much more involved endeavor. There are about half a dozen good catalogs that offer the quality, variety, and organically-produced stuff we want. And it’s not like there is a company that is generally cheaper than the others; you have to compare prices for a given variety across several different vendors: Territorial Seed Company, Johnny’s Selected Seeds, Osborne Seed Company, Irish Eyes Garden Seeds, Bountiful Gardens… there are a lot to sort through.

Then you have to work out how many you need, to fill the space you want at the given planting density, to get the yield you anticipate. It’s like a giant math problem! It pleases my architect side (Emily has been calling me a “Farmitect” lately). What would I do without spreadsheet software?

And that packet that costs a few dollars? Well, we’re goingt to be planting twice as many beds as last year, so the seed bill is roughly twice as high, about $400. That’s even after a fair amount of bargain hunting. We’ve been talking about “seed saving” since we started this venture, and that’s even more reason to get serious about learning how to do it.

Turns out, there is a bit of a science to seed saving. We did it last year with potatoes, and it saved us about $30 in buying seed potatoes, and we also saved seed from our Rouge Vif pumpkins. But those are the easy examples. Other plants are trickier: cucurbrit seeds require fermentation and drying, carrots and beets require a second year of growth to set seed correctly, and some seeds require stratification. All require drying, and storage within a specific temperature and humidity range. Learning about this, as well as building a seed drier, is one of our projects for this fall.

So, for your enjoyment, I present the mostly-complete list of what we will be planting this year:

corn, popping Japanese Hulless
corn, sweet “Festivity”
corn, sweet Golden Bantam
corn, ixim Painted Mountain
sunflowers anthony special
wheat hard red spring
garlic Anthony & Spanish Roja 3-variety
onions, storage “Cortland” F1
onions, red Red Cipollini
onions, sweet bulb Ailsa Criag
onions, bunching Fukugawa
parsnips “Lancer”
potatoes, Irish Red Lasoda
potatoes, Irish Bake King
potatoes, Irish Viking Purple (H 1962)
potatoes, fingerling French Fingerling (H)
turnips “Purple Top White Globe”
arugula Roquette
beans, kidney “Light Red Kidney”
beans, black “Midnight Black Turtle Soup”
beans, black Yin Yang
beans, garbonzo
beans, snap bush “Fresh Pick”
beans, snap bush Teggia (purple streaks)
beens, snap pole violet podded stringless
beans, edamame Misono Green
beans, edamame Early Hakucho
beets “Bull’s Blood” H
beets “Chiogia”
beets “Touchstone Gold”
broccoli “DiCicco” H,1890
broccoli, overwintering check out “Early Purple”
broccoli, romanesco
brussels sprouts “Roodnerf”
cabbage Copenhagen Market (H)
cabbage, savoy Verza di Verona (OP)
cabbage, red Red Drumhead (H)
carrots “Chantenay” (H)
carrots “Nantes” (H)
carrots dragon
celery “EA Special Strain”
chard
cucumber “Marketmore 76” H, 1976
cucumber “Snow’s Fancy Pickling” H, 1905
lettuce, butterhead Victoria
lettuce, butterhead Speckles (H)
lettuce, romaine Bullet
peas “Sugar Snap” 1979
pumpkin “Winter Luxury” H, 1893
pumpkin “Rouge Vif D’Etamps” H.
radishes Easter Egg
spinach, savoyed “Bloomsdale Longstanding” H,1908
spinach, savoyed Bordeaux F1
squash, summer “Lebanese Light Green”
squash, summer Yellow Crookneck
squash, winter “Waltham” butternut
squash, winter Triamble
squash, winter Uchiki Kuri
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Happy New Year?

Welcome to 2012! We’re in the dead season right now at the farm… all the plants have died back, the bees are dormant for the winter, and most of the other hippie farmers I know are away traveling or hibernating in their homes, catching up on sleep from the other 10 months of the year that are pure insanity.

To keep this little chunk of the internet warm and cozy, I leave you with wishes for a happy new year, as wall as a cheery, forward-looking article about organic farming and how it produces as much on an industrial scale as the pesticide-and-monoculture farming that is so popular right now, dispelling the myth that we need chemicals to effectively feed our massive human population:

Study debunks myths on organic farms (from the Star Phoenix)

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From the little apple to the big one

This post is dedicated to Katy Clark, who is always waiting for me to post something or, as is my style, a lot of things all at once. This one’s for you.

Dear Blog Readers,

It was a wild ride.

When I received the scholarship for the Stone Barn Center’s 2011 Young Farmers Conference I was stoked! and then sad, because I thought there was no way I could afford to travel there. I called one of my local idea women who said, “I think you should go, and I’m going to give you $20 to get there. Just ask people who you think want to support this.”

It’s interesting how we all tend to get messages, however subtle or overt, about how we shouldn’t ask for help, we should be self-sufficient, and if we want to make something happen we just need to work harder. I’ve asked for money before by way of selling Girl Scout cookies, fundraising for my Catholic school, getting assistance for Temux (the village where we lived and worked in Guatemala), but I’ve never really asked people to give me money for something I want to do that could appear to be just a glorified vacation to New York. I struggled with the idea a lot, and got a lot of encouragement to just go ahead and do it. I mean, the worst people could do is tell me no, right? That was the most amazing part of the experiment, that plenty of people told me yes, and told their friends to tell me yes as well, and send checks in support of the trip for $10 or $20 apiece. The boards members of Food Roots and the Tillamook Farmers Market, friends from town, friends’ friends from Astoria to Maryland, and a few of our patrons all pitched in with funding and wonderful words of encouragement. The experience was humbling and wonderful. This is what we’re supposed to do, help one another where we can when we can. With that, I was off to New York!

From Manzanita, “little apple” in Spanish, it took almost two hours to get to Portland the night before the flight so I could be at the airport for my 6am departure. Two planes, a train, a bike taxi, a second train, and another taxi later and I made it to the hotel in Tarrytown. Directions from the event organizers told me I would come into Penn Station and need to get a taxi to Grand Central Station. Though most of the trip had been very low key, I was filled with awe ascending into the city from the mouth of Penn station. New York City has obtained mythical proportions in my mind over years of reading and hearing about it, for so long the gateway to America, congregation point for many of the world’s greats: leaders, artists, writers, politicians, criminals, intellectuals. Interesting note- it’s the world capital of languages, with over 800 spoken in the city. Columbia University is engaged in a project to record and capture some of the languages that are in danger of dying in the next decade. I wasn’t overwhelmed with the city so much as thrilled, and I found the taxi line immediately, as most of the block down the sidewalk, men and women clad in black, bouncing or grumbling to stave off the chill of evening under all the flashing lights and advertisements.

I pulled out my iPhone to see how long it would take to walk from one station to the other, just over 24 minutes. I stood there looking around, weighing the option. I knew I was much more tired than I felt flying from before sunrise to after sunset, and I wanted to watch the city go by. I saw the traffic cops running off a bicycle taxi operator, and I was intrigued. The taxi line was so long and stodgy. I was indecisive and the bicycle taxi hit the road. I waited in line, watched the milieu. NEW YORK CITY! And another bicycle taxi rode up. It annoyed me that they were being run off. I figured it would be faster to take a bike than a car and I could almost walk from one station to the next in the amount of time it would take to get a taxi, and being pulled by a bicycle I’d still get fresh air. I sprinted out of my place in line and jumped in before the traffic cop became any more aggressive, “Thank you officer, I’m going now,” the operator said as he jumped on his bike. So much skill is involved in maneuvering through the pedestrians, road construction, city traffic that doesn’t really travel quickly anyhow. It reminded me of riding tuk tuks in Antigua, and the city was making me nostalgic for Barcelona as we breezed by a Desigual boutique and then a massive Zara department store. In so many ways cities are the same where ever you go, but I find them energizing as long as I don’t stay too long. And I was only passing through. We rode by an Occupy march—for months I’ve been reading accounts of all the rallies, feeling sympathetic to a lot of the goings on in the Occupy movement. I was amazed to see that there were about three times as many police officers on foot and on motorcycles watching the marchers than there were parading Occupiers. My “driver” dropped me off at Grand Central and thanked me with a friendly smile.

The main terminal with the constellation ceiling caused me to pause and gape a bit before finding the Hudson Metro North line, the commuter train to Tarrytown. Ever since my time in Spain and not one but two mishaps boarding the wrong train, I generally try to operate under the “ask twice rule,” always double confirming from other passengers that I’m on the correct train. I was distracted and neglected to do this before rushing onto the train, and so I spent the next 40 minutes very concerned that I’d boarded the wrong one.

But I hadn’t. Tarrytown, even in the dark, looked amazingly quaint. It was all I could do to order dinner and make it back up to my room where my roommate, Ginger the friendly farmer, arrived shortly thereafter. Ginger was the farmer with whom I interned this summer. She’s farming five acres on an off-the-grid farm for CSA and two local markets. We both applied for scholarships without knowing the other had applied, and we won. No awkward not knowing the roommate. The hotel was awfully posh for our standards, big fluffy feather comforters and too many squishy pillows to use them all. There were not many hours left before we needed to be up again.

On Thursday morning our delightful Irish concierge drove us out to the Stone Barn Center, giving a mini-tour of the area: Samuel Clemens’s Mansion, the setting for Washington Irving’s Sleepy Hollow, a bit of American Revolution trivia. We pulled into the center and our mouths dropped. The Center was initially part of the Rockefeller family estate; the Stone Barns where Rockefeller barns. As Ginger put it, “This is where the 1% of vegetables grow.” The grounds were amazing. The name and the place, the Stone Barn, the permanence and reverence it demonstrated for agriculture was apparent and wonderful. The barn courtyard filled with sun and all the young farmers made the atmosphere feel collegiate, and breakfast was served in the hayloft with big steel chandeliers overhead and long narrow tables in a stone hall. It was “Hogwarts for farmers” we decided, and we were both stoked to be there.

All the food for the conference was prepared by the chef of the five star Blue Hill restaurant at Stone Barn Center and most of the food came from the gardens and grounds, plates of apples and pears, eggs from their chickens and scones made in their bakeries, jam from their fruit. It was the five star version of what so many of us attendees hope to accomplish in our own more modest way, and it really prepared us for the day.

There were so many awesome sessions to choose from that I had to do something to reduce my choices before I was completely overwhelmed, so I crossed off anything that had to do with animal husbandry. We aren’t there yet, and if we ever do get there, it will be an awfully small scale. So…

My first session was about soil science. I often forget how much I love biology and chemistry until I am in a setting to use it once again. Honestly, the soil is such an amazing, dynamic place. The amount of things we still don’t understand about how and it why it functions the way it does is astounding. We, the people of the world, have made things grow and most people get to eat, more or less, because we’ve managed this. But holy cow is there ever a lot more to learn! We covered a lot of soil organisms and bugs in the talk, but spent a time on myccorrhizea, a type of fungus that lives in harmony with most edible plants to increase the amount of nutrients a plant is able to take in from the soil because the fungus acts as a sort of extension to plant roots. Because of this relationship there are some soil amendments that come with myccorrhizae already in the mix to help it grow in your soil, but watch out! Myccorrhizae is not a friend of brassica plants. It also isn’t entirely benevolent; at the moment the plant starts to weaken, the root fungus quits helping the plant and starts devouring it instead. Hmm, it’s like a badly raised child that depletes its parents resources in old age. Bummer.

Once I was excited about soil activity, I chose to go to a planning session called Bringing Your Farm Down to Earth. This session focused on a unique curriculum used on the east coast and in the midwest to help aspiring farmers define their vision and plan to make their farm dreams a reality. Many of the sessions were sort of advertisements or starter courses for longer-term classes folks can take. They can take these classes if they live somewhere that offers them since they happen only on Saturdays during the winter, as that’s usually best for farmers. The curriculum I saw looked really comprehensive and motivational. It assuaged what is my biggest fear about this dream, that it’s just impossible. I mean, I throw myself into the work, but there’s always this dread in the back of my mind that we might actually be crazy and trying to do something impossible. I keep going because I believe in the reasons why we want this career and lifestyle, but I am often uncertain as to how we’re going to get from here to there. Fletch usually acts unencumbered by this uncertainty, blinded by his ambition (maybe to a fault, but I like to think I temper him?). This plan is really appealing to me on two levels. One, personally it’s going to be excellent going through the materials for our own benefit; and two, because the nonprofit I volunteer for, Food Roots, just won a huge three year grant and part of the grant is farmer education. I found out that there is no one on the west coast qualified to teach this curriculum, and I know for a fact there are A LOT of aspiring farmers out here. And this is one of the main reasons I went to the conference, to be the bridge. This is really effective planning specifically designed for us farmers and farmer wannabes (and those of us in between). Can we start offering these courses out here? I might just know the right people to help jump start this. That’s great news for all of us.

The least useful session of the conference was a great idea: Self-Care and Ergonomics for Farmers, how to work hard without hurting your body. This theme became painfully apparent (really, painfully) to me while working this summer; practicing yoga even for 20 minutes a day would make all the difference in my ability to squat and kneel and bend for 8 hours or more the following day. Yoga focuses a lot on working your body evenly through both sides, and that’s basically what this session told me. Nothing new. I should’ve gone to the compost talk. Luckily, Ginger went to that one to take notes and get the recommended reading list for both of us.

I ended the day with a sobering session on a Bachelor Farmer’s First Year. The bachelor presenter was doing a lot of livestock and a little bit of vegetable production, but I’m here to tell you that growing fruits and vegetables, if you’re really going to do it, isn’t a whole lot cheaper. The guy’s first year of farming on his own equated to, depending on your perspective, a disaster or a very long string of hard learned lessons. His bankbook was in the red by about $30,000. Had I not attended the earlier session on farm planning and lived through this last summer myself, I might have felt ill and needed to excuse myself from the room. According to this example, Fletch and I are right on track.

Thursday evening, after a day of complete overstimulation and massive amounts of sitting, we were given a social hour, served some very tasty local brews, fed dinner, roused by our speaker from Denmark about their large scale farm cooperative that delivers fresh organic produce to 45,000 households, before we moved the tables aside to begin contra dancing. Now, I had never attended a contra dance before, but I did grow up square dancing, and I couldn’t see much of a difference. There was a lot of do-si-do-ing, serenading partners, shaking hands, spinning around etc., a welcome change of the day’s pace to be sure.

By the time we crawled into our fluffy white beds at the hotel, again there were very few hours left for sleeping. A 7:30 am we arose for a breakfast talk by Ginger’s own personal guru, the ever innovative and totally inspiring Maine farmer Eliot Coleman. We made it, a little late, but we got there.

Friday morning was full of excitement too. The first session of the morning was on carbon farming. Carbon farming is a way to farm that incorporates maximum amounts of trees and plants, even with herd integration and grazing, that sucks up maximum amounts of carbon. Generally the trees you incorporate are fruit and nut trees, food bearing in some form for humans and/or animals. Living in dairy country, this is exciting to know, especially when you consider how much rain trees can sequester and we get eight feet (yes, FEET, not inches) of rain a year in this part of Oregon, and muddy pastures are a problem for machinery. Again, while some of the things we learned are directly of interest to me, a lot of the things I learned could potentially benefit other farmers and ranchers that work with Food Roots or the North Coast Food Web. You never know. Learn it, and pass it on. This session was also an advertisement of sorts for a longer class offered through Stone Barn Center in January. Again, no one out here on the west coast is offering this course. So how do we make connections?

The next session was on incorporating herbs into farm and market. This one was just a side interest of mine and that I’m not sure I’ll do much with outside of messing around for hobby on my own. I was hyped up from the previous session that going into a room that had some sort of herbal essence aromatherapy spray and offered freshly made herbal tea while we sat and listened was nice and relaxing.

Lunch was almost a rushed affair as we barreled on to the end of the conference. There was a panel discussion between the head chef, head vegetable grower, and their favorite Cornell University seed breeder. This was an interesting conversation because it revealed one of my personal biases to me. They were talking about the hows and whys of seed breeding. Why are red delicious apples so prevalent in grocery stores? Because they’ve been bread to have super thick skin, travel and store well. They are so very very far from being the tastiest of apples; “Delicious” is quite the misnomer in my opinion. So this particular chef, vegetable grower, and seed breeder were talking about their own interests. The chef wants vegetables bread for flavor and ease of preparation. The grower is trying to work between the two and he wants things that are not impossible to harvest or that need too much pampering. The seed breeder has to breed, bottom line, for what he can get paid to breed, but this guy has found one of the few gigs in the country where he is encouraged to breed for a changing climate and disease resistance to new diseases cropping up, as well as attempt to breed for flavor as per the chef’s wishes. We were made aware that there really aren’t that many seed breeders out there. Quite a few of them are working for BIG AG companies that would like to put pesticides into the genetic makeup of the plants, and breed for chemical resistance to herbicides used in conjunction with growing whatever the crop is. My bias: I want to grow heirlooms whose seeds can be saved, but almost to complete exclusion of hybrids. I remembered that everything has its place, and hybrid or specialty bred seed isn’t something I should completely turn my back on because it has a lot of utility. For the moment, I think I’m still going to stick to heirloom varieties that lend themselves to seed saving.

The final session I chose was one on providing low-income access to local, organic produce through your CSA. This is food justice. At this point, those who do not farm or garden but aren’t middle or upper class cannot afford to buy nutritious, responsibly grown, local produce. How do we bridge this gap? In particular, how could I imagine doing this in Tillamook county, where so much of the year round population is low-income. The session facilitator was Elizabeth Henderson, author of Sharing the Harvest, a book I poured over last winter. Having worked on Ginger’s farm and seen the way her CSA operates, how do we want to structure ours? This is a big question, and one we will spend much of this winter discussing with each other and our trusted cohorts. This session served as a reminder that the work we did in the Peace Corps for health awareness is in many ways just as necessary here in the states. Choosing to farm in the way we want to farm means continuing to build bridges, to educate, and to be forever, in big and small ways, the volunteers we just “finished” being, that is if we really care. Our other option would be to find a wealthy, stable, already educated market in which to sell our produce. Hah, but Whole Foods has a pretty slick marketing campaign in a very cleaned up package to attract a lot of these folks, and well, they are only the minority, so from a business standpoint that would be missing out on a lot of market space. Though my core belief is that food is the basis of our health and wealth (or lack thereof) as individuals, families, communities, and countries. Everyone should have access to nutritious food. And so we keep working.

At this point my brain was so full of ideas and questions it felt fit to explode, so I was thankful the end was near. President of the board for the Stone Barn Center, Fred Kirschenmann (author, Developing an Ecological Consciousness), gave the closing remarks. He is a farmer, ecologist, writer, and activist, and spoke of the need not to “get our economy back on track” but rather to recognize that we need a different economy. Can we create a market in which quality is the driving factor rather than quantity, in which human capital is held in high esteem rather than divorcing people from their work and breaking down large systems into incomplete parts and mechanizing as much as possible? He believed the rather packed audience and the inspiring rise in the number of farmers this year (we’ve doubled from 1% of the population to 2%) is a sign that we can. I think conferences like this one—an excuse to have some fun, yes— are also a sign that we can may move toward a quality based economy that draws heavily on human capital.

The sun was setting through the archway to the Stone Barn Center as we all filed out of the conference and off to our respective destinations, and Ginger and I felt like the fun was just beginning. We had to pass right through New York City to get home!

One of Ginger’s contacts set us up with their cousins as hosts in the city. Our plan was to make it to their house, introduce ourselves, and head out in search of sushi… but you know what they say about the best laid plans. We found our way to their house without a problem, heading right across a festively lit Columbia University campus to their apartment. Judy and John greeted us at the door and when she saw the Peace Corps patch on my back as I walked down their entry hallway, well, the conversation got going and didn’t stop all weekend. Judy was a Peace Corps volunteer herself, Dominican Republic 1966. She happened to be sitemates with Aaron Williams, the current director of the Peace Corps. Her son is an RPCV from Mauritania and her daughter-in-law RPCV Bangladesh. Their apartment is lined with bookshelves, which also gave us plenty to talk about—John is a retired medieval literature professor. Judy and John fixed us dinner and shared their stories with us for a few hours. It was so much fun I wasn’t terribly motivated to head out on the town, but I knew I only had a very short time in this very big city, so Judy and Ginger figured out where we were going that evening—off to Time Square.

You can imagine the little lives we lead. Fletch and I live in a converted garage turned “cottage” and are just happy it’s twice the size of our last house and has plumbing and heat! Ginger runs an off-grid farm. We took ourselves down to Time Square because we heard about free performance art happenings called Occupy Broadway. As it turns out, Time Square is so ridiculously bright that even in the middle of the night it feels a little like daytime, which made staying awake much easier than I thought it would be.

We watched several performances until we were uncomfortably cold and my newly returned Peace Corps friend (two weeks “off the boat” so to speak) and re-transplant to New York, Sara, showed up for tea. We planned our Saturday together, and the MoMA was on my list of must-see places; Sara had interned at the MoMA and hadn’t yet returned, so she agreed to be our tour guide.

Saturday morning we were the provincial country folk marveling at city insanity, and it was particularly insane being a sunny, 50 degree Saturday in December on 5th Ave. We gawked at the world flagship for Uniqlo, a Japanese clothing company to rival The Gap, where you can buy cashmere sweaters in every color shade imaginable. I’d heard about this store on NPR and read some things in the New York Times, and it sounded insane, so when we stumbled upon we were attracted like raccoons to tinfoil, into the sparkling disco balls hung like Christmas tree ornaments amidst giant lighted snowflakes. The sales clerks were enacting commercials for customers right on the floor:

“Hey, Karen! You look cold over there! Why don’t you step into our winter clothing section where we have down coats with heat technology for only $79.95!” And I had flashbacks to Paca markets in Guatemala where they sold clothes shipped in from the US, some of it still with original tags on it, sales that never made it off the shelf and were finally abandoned to the markets of developing nation middlemen. I wonder, how will the world absorb all of this? But this disco balls and mirrored elevators were fun. We made our way to Saks to take in their holiday window displays. In search of a restrooms we ventured in, and found that in a city they memorialize the pests they no longer have space for. We found a jade green cutworm with diamond feet in one of the jewelry display cases, and we played The Price is Right on the designer items. Interesting to me that St. Patrick’s Cathedral was just down the street from the likes of Saks and Uniqlo, temples of varying designs. We visited Rockefeller center, where I’d thought I wanted to go ice skating, until I saw how chunky the ice was and how crowded everything was. Then I was content to gawk at their Christmas tree for a while until we met up with Sara for Sushi and a trip to the MoMA.

I love art museums, and I am not really sure why I thought the MoMa was so very important except that I must have internalized lots of things I’ve read and seen over time. But my intuition was right in wanting to see this museum. In addition to the usual wonders of turning a corner and running into VanGogh’s Starry Night and happening upon a room of Monet’s water lilies and getting to see the massive body of work in the de Koonig retrospective, there was a special exhibit, a return 80 years after the initial exhibit of Diego Rivera’s murals painted in NYC in 1930 as a cutting edge exhibit at the newly opened MoMA. Rivera’s murals were varied in subject, the Mexican Revolution, the intense urban development happening in NYC at the time, and his water color journals from a trip to Russia in 1928. I’ve long been fascinated by Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera, their art and life and times. Seeing his murals up close was amazing, so relevant 80 years after the fact. I’d stood dizzyingly close to so many brush strokes, so many beautiful artists once stood on the other end of those brush strokes. I thought about how close I was to greatness only to realize that I am, that we are all, part of that greatness. The beauty reflected in the art is the beauty we all participate in every day by living. Powerful stuff. I felt so alive and energized coming out of the museum into the dark city.

We grabbed some street food and headed to the TKTS office to see if we could snag some cheap tickets to an evening theater performance. And there again we had success, though “cheap” on broadway, or in the city for that matter, is very relative…

Sunday was not destined to be a tourism day. We were on a mission. After a little brunch with Sara at an English tea spot, we toured the East village on foot, ran into a farmers market, and explored all the wonderful art spaces and community gardens in the area as we made our way to one in particular called La Plaza Cultural, where the Occupy Food and Farmers march was to begin at 2pm. We watched farmers and ranchers from all over the country, some that had never been to NYC before the rally and march gave the reason to come, talk about their food justice work alongside community garden organizers and restauranteurs and community organizers who want nutritious food in school lunches. It was great. And once we were all sufficiently grounded about why were at this march, the drums started to beat and Ginger and I got close to the head of the line and danced our way through the street behind them. We were disappointed to be caught without signs, but someone at the garden had made extra Lettuce Beet the System signs and handed one to each of us. We snaked through the streets for a little more than two hours, all the way to Zuccati Park in the financial district, with very solemn police escorts the whole time. They helped stop traffic and watched us maintain a pretty neutral presence as we marched our messages past multi storied McDonalds and Whole Foods and Wall Street. We chanted until our voices just about gave out.

Taking part in this march was interesting. My first demonstration activity was years ago, in protest to the idea of occupying Iraq the second time around in the winter of 2003. I traveled with fellow Knox students in 15 passenger vans through heavy snow on the Illinois planes into Damen St. in Chicago. My parents were not happy about this, but I was adamant. The mixed messages I received from so many directions growing up all collided in this activity: you have the right to free speech; speak your mind; be truthful; be loving; be peaceful; you shouldn’t speak your mind too loudly: you shouldn’t call too much attention to yourself and your opinions; you should avoid being seen as a “rebel rouser”; protests and therefore protesters are bad. What’s interesting to me is that while Occupying I felt a little off knowing that quite a few people I know and love and respect might find it juvenile, ridiculous, and/or annoying that I was taking part is this demonstration. The things is folks, I do care what you think to a certain degree maybe more often than I should. I kept checking in with myself. Am I doing anything I don’t believe is okay? Am I saying anything I don’t actually agree with? Am I acting in a way that befits my personal attitudes and beliefs? Once checked in I would go back to the drum beat and the chants and scenery through which we moved. I thought about the term protest, how divisive it feels, how confrontational. We are protesting, or speaking out about things with which we do not agree, but I started to think of the word manifestacíon, used in Spanish where we would use the word protest. I started thinking, here we are manifesting what we believe in. We are demonstrating in words and action that we believe there is a better way. This is not a confrontation, this is the dream we’re all working toward. Maybe I was rationalizing too much because even as opinionated as I am, I don’t like rocking the boat at the risk of making others seasick.

At one point I asked myself again, “why are you doing this, Emily?” And the answer came out something like this. I believe food is the most essential thing, the basis of our health and wealth. Food is also our most direct connection to the animal and plant world. I believe the earth that feeds us deserves healthy attention and loving care for growing the food that feeds us.I believe we have some seriously bad things happening in our local, national and international food systems. I want us all to enjoy something better—better food on a local, national and international level. I want everyone I love and care about, everyone I know and even those I don’t know, to enjoy good health through a lifelong healthy diet. I believe everyone deserves this. So why was I protesting/demonstrating/manifesting when it’s so annoying to some and so misconstrued by much of the media? Because I love you. Because I have a lot of love and admiration and respect for you, my fellow humans, and the world.

And the end of the march we were starving and we had an hour to get to another theater for a very off-broadway show with the Bread and Puppet Theater Company, but we managed to do it all. Sara met up with us again in the evening after spending the afternoon away, and she took a picture of us at dinner with our signs, one of which we left at the great little restaurant where we ate and the other we left on the bread table after the puppet theater show was over.

We had had so much fun with our adventures and conversations in the evening and morning with Judy and John that we felt we were falling in love, that it was only appropriate to take them courting/goodbye gifts. On the way home from the theater we picked up flowers and wine to go with the box of chocolates we’d gotten them earlier in the day. Judy and John were waiting up for us. We had ice cream and more conversation until they could hardly stay awake and I just had time to shower and pack and lay down for an hour before catching my shuttle to the airport for home and Fletch. It was a wild and wonderful ride. Thank you to all who made it possible.

Now, as seems perpetually the case, we have a LOT of homework to do.

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Retrospective and things to come…

December is finally upon us, a time when all good farmers look back upon the year they’ve had, weigh their successes and failures, and then start planning for the year to come. In our first year of farming, we:

  • Planted 40 fruit trees, which are all growing nicely and are nearly twice their starting size
  • Planted a blueberry patch, with 24 bushes and alder sawdust mulch
  • Built three beehives, filled them with tens of thousands of bees, and harvested a gallon and a half of honey
  • Cleared two thousand square feet of invasive blackberries, hand-tilled it all into vegetable beds, and grew over a thousand pounds of vegetables
  • Erected nearly a thousand feet of deer fencing
  • Had our own stand at a farmers’ market
  • Harvested enough venison to supply our red meet needs for a year (bonus!)


Wow, that makes me tired just thinking of it. It was a lot of work, and we are indebted to many people who helped us along the way; by lending a hand during planting and harvesting, by “topping off” our tree order by an extra 50%, by watering things when we were gone for Emily’s grandma’s funeral, by donating some money for a beehive, or by dispensing expert advice whether or not it was asked for.  This is truly Community Supported Agriculture in the most fundamental sense, and our farm is your farm.

In the year to come, we plan to greatly increase production to meet our expanding goals of providing produce to local restaurants, selling full-time at one (maybe two) farmers’ markets, and increasing self-sufficiency. Some of the expansion will simply be a lot of sweat, such as clearing, leveling, and hoeing another two thousand square feet of vegetable plots. Other plans will require much more logistics and financing. The two big hinderances to our operations in 2011 were irrigation and season extension; to better cope with these issues next year, we want to install a drip irrigation system and a greenhouse.

And that brings me the long way around to the second purpose of this letter. We were fortunate last year to receive funding assistance from many individuals for our orchard, through our “sponsor a tree” program. Encouraged by this, we’ve decided to offer a collaboration opportunity for the 2012 farming season as well. But why should you help out people like us? Basically, to vote with your pocketbook on the side of good and light. It’s your chance to stand behind chemical-free farming, small scale entrepreneurship, and the belief that big business shouldn’t be allowed to corner the market on the food we eat. In addition to all that, though, we feel that collaborative projects really draw our friends and family into our farm endeavor, giving them a personal connection with us and our dream.

We hope to repeat the success of the orchard fundraiser with this year’s project, The Greenhouse. It would allow us to start all of our seedlings earlier, which in turn means that we can bring product to market in the early weeks of the season. But more importantly, it insures that we will have hundreds of pounds of peppers and RED tomatoes this year, instead of the green ones that weren’t quite ready by the time we ran out of summer.

After a lot of research, we’ve identified the appropriate greenhouse and someone to supply it.  This 20’x48′ semi-quonset style enclosure is durable, effective, and cost-efficient, and we can put it up for a bit over three thousand dollars. It will have 13 main support arches, so we’ve decided that anyone who wants to sponsor the project can claim their very own arch. For a donation of $300, you’ll get your name on an arch (literally; we’ll paint it on there for all to see!) as well as a Peace Crops t-shirt, a great way to show all your friends that you support sustainable community agriculture as well as tasteful logo parody.

If you only want the Peace Crops t-shirt (because you have a clothing shortage, or are an RPCV with a great sense of humor) we’re going to sell them without the attached greenhouse arch, too. Contact me to get on the list, and I’ll print a big pile of them when I have all the orders in. They will be $25 each, since it’s a nice organic shirt and a portion of the money goes to support the farm. Just let me know what size, sex, and color (khaki or pea green) you want by January 1st.

Again, thanks for your friendship and support, and if you know anyone else who would be interested in this information, please feel free to pass it along. Have a safe and happy holidays!

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Stinky jobs

It’s salmon spawning season here in the Pacific Northwest. Every November, after a few years at sea, zillions of salmon return to the inland waterways of their birth. They wiggle their massive silvery bodies up think creeks and brooks, loitering on shiny rock patches to spread their eggs for the next generation. In the brook on our farm, you can actually hear them going splishy-splishy up the river, their top fins sticking out into the air because the fish are so much bigger than the water. “You think there are a lot of ’em now?” Farmer Ned asked me as I was taking a break from digging next year’s beds. “Twenty years ago they were so thick you could almost walk across the creek on them. If you did walk across, you’d get bumped into a lot around the ankles, that’s for sure. When the cows crossed the creek, they’d get bumped into, and jump back like this.” And then he made a funny face that reminded me of startled cows (and the funny farmers that keep them).

My dad likes salmon fishing a lot, and we spend many a fine fall doing it in upper Michigan, so I sent him a picture of them. His reply was that I should use the dead ones to fertilize the garden. What a great idea! You see, this spawning trip is a one-way ticket for the big guys, and they expire naturally a week or two after they arrive, having completed their purpose in life.

The very next day, I took a wheelbarrow and shovel and went down to the creek. By now, it’s late enough that many of them have died, their rotting bodes littering the banks of the river. The seagulls know about this yearly cycle, and come across the mountains to squabble over these tasty nuggets. But there are so many fish that there are plenty for scavengers and hippie farmers. I loaded a dozen into the wheelbarrow, and hauled them across the property to our fields.

“Fish emulsion” is a pretty expensive organic fertilizer, and Emily was excited about getting it for free. But as smelly as these rotting fish were, I couldn’t imagine making it worse by grinding them up into a slurry. If they weren’t liquified, though, it would be hard to evenly spread them in a garden bed.  What to do? I settled for the experimental approach of cutting them in half (ugh) and planting them with the blueberries. I only fertilized half of the plants this way, leaving the other half as a control to compare their effectiveness over time.

Speaking of stinky jobs, I finished processing the deer I harvested a few weeks back. When I first brought it out of the field, Farmer Ned and José helped me string it upside down in the barn. The next day I went out to butcher it, and as luck would have it, Sturm was there. He’s the berry farmer that is leasing some of Ned’s farmland next to us, and he’s an accomplished hunter- he apparently has taken an elk every season for the last 17 years, with a bow.

“Do you know much about butchering deer?” I asked him. I had removed about half of the meat by that point, but was unsure how to go about the shoulder and forearm area.

He raised an eyebrow. “Oh, I’ve done about 200. What have you got?” He smiled and pointed out the best way to cut and sort the remaining meat, and said I’d already done a pretty good job with the loins and hindquarters.  By the time I was finished, I had about 30 or 40 pounds of steaks and burger neatly packaged into white paper bundles, as well as a pair of antlers that will likely be made into knife handles, and several gallon zip locks filled with gristle and gross stuff, to be frozen into crab bait (Sturm’s suggestion).

One other experiment the came out of the deer is the hide. I emailed my friend Mark to ask him if he had any advice on home tanning of buckskin. “Besides don’t do it?” he replied. “Make sure if you do, you do it outdoors, well away from your house.” I’ve done some pretty stinky jobs with Mark, so that made me a little concerned. But it turns out that tanning leather, though a somewhat icky process, isn’t any stinkier than pulling guts out of  dead deer or chopping up rotting salmon.

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